If you’re running a CO2 laser system, such as a laser engraver or laser cutter, you know you will eventually have to replace the laser tube. How frequently that happens depends on the type of laser and how it is used.
Generally, most Glass CO2 laser tubes manufactured in China last anywhere from 1500-10000 hours before replacement is necessary. This can vary depending on the quality of the tube, how often it is used, and the maintenance of the tube.
In this post, I will be answering the question: when should I replace my CO2 laser tube?
Table of Contents
When Should I Replace My CO2 Laser Tube?
For optimal performance, you need to replace your laser tube once it starts to degrade. Here are some telltale signs that it is time to replace your laser tube:
- The Laser Tube Has Lasted its Rated Life
Most Glass laser tubes manufactured in China last up to 1500 – 10000 hours, but the actual life of a tube depends on its quality and the maintenance it receives.
You can check with your supplier or company through their customer service department to check the actual life of your laser tube. They will often let you know how long your tube is rated to last, and when it should be replaced.
- There Has Been a Color Change
If there has been a color change in your laser tube, this is a sign that it should be replaced. It may also mean that you need to adjust the power of your laser if there has been a decrease in power output.
You should do a visual inspection to determine whether or not the gas in the tube is still okay. Start by opening the cover of your laser machine. Turn the current on and adjust it to normal. Now press the test button and look at the color of the CO2 laser tube.
If the color is white, then this is an indication that you might want to change the tube. If the color is pink, then your CO2 laser tube has some more life in it and you don’t need to replace the tube yet.
- Unusual Arcing or Flickering
If you observe electrical arcing inside the tube or flickering during operation, this is a strong indication of internal component failure. Arcing can be caused by gas depletion, broken electrodes, or internal glass damage.
- The Performance is Decreasing
Over time, a CO2 laser tube gradually loses its ability to produce high-intensity laser beams. If you notice that your machine requires multiple passes to achieve the same engraving or cutting depth, or if you need to increase power settings to get previous results, it’s a sign that the tube is weakening.
When the laser tube starts failing, it may cause excessive heating, leading to burn marks or unexpected scorching on materials. This is especially noticeable when working with delicate materials such as wood, acrylic, or leather.
As your CO2 laser tube nears the end of its lifespan, it may take significantly longer to complete jobs that were once fast and efficient. A noticeable decrease in performance speed means the tube is losing power.
If the performance of your machine is decreasing, it could be due to a faulty laser tube. This can be caused by several things, such as age, excessive use, or improper maintenance.
You should take the time to inspect the laser tube and make sure it is in good working condition. Check the laser tube periodically for cracks, leaks, or other visible damages. Even small cracks can lead to gas leakage, rendering the tube ineffective and unsafe for use. If there are any signs of damage, you should replace the tube as soon as possible.
- Inconsistent Beam Quality
A healthy CO2 laser tube produces a well-defined and consistent beam. If the beam becomes unstable, fuzzy, or spreads out unevenly, this indicates that the tube may be degrading and losing efficiency.
- The Focal Length Has Changed
If you notice that your machine’s focal length has changed, it is time to replace the laser tube. The focal length is the distance between the lens and the laser beam focus. This can affect your engraving or cutting results, so it is important to keep an eye on this.
You can check if the focal length is still correct by wiping the lens and then adjusting the light. If the focus of the beam is not where it should be, you may need to replace the tube.
- The Spot Test
Another way to know it is time to replace your laser tube is to do a spot test. This involves focusing the beam on a piece of paper or card and looking at how the spot is burnt.
Hold a card in front of your CO2 laser tube. Now press the test button for about a second and look at how much the spot is coke-burnt. If the spot is only lightly burnt, then your laser tube may be losing its power and should be replaced.
These are some of the things you should look out for when it comes to replacing your CO2 laser tube. If you notice any of these signs, it is best to replace the tube as soon as possible to ensure the optimal performance of your engraver or cutter.
Also Read: Why is my laser cutter not cutting?
Typical Lifespan of a CO2 Laser Tube
The average lifespan of a CO2 laser tube varies depending on factors such as power rating, usage intensity, and maintenance practices. Here are some general guidelines:
- Glass CO2 laser tubes (40W-150W): 1,500 to 10,000 hours
- Metal RF CO2 laser tubes: 10,000 to 20,000 hours
Proper cooling, regular cleaning, and operating at optimal power settings can extend the lifespan of your tube.
How to Test the Condition of Your CO2 Laser Tube
If you’re unsure whether your CO2 laser tube needs replacing, try these tests:
- Power Meter Test: Measure the laser output with a power meter to compare actual power versus the rated power.
- Engraving Test: Conduct test engravings on different materials at varying power levels to assess performance.
- Mirror Alignment Check: Ensure that weak performance isn’t due to misaligned mirrors or dirty optics.
- Cooling System Inspection: Check that the cooling system is functioning properly, as overheating can accelerate tube degradation.
Using a Power Meter to Test Your CO2 Laser Tube
HLP-200B Universal Power Meter
A laser power meter, such as the HLP-200B Universal Power Meter, is an effective tool for measuring the output power of your CO2 laser tube. Here’s how to use it:
Features of HLP-200B Power Meter:
- Pocket-Size & Easy to Use: Compact handheld design, easy to carry.
- High Accuracy Measurement: Calibrated at 9-18 μm (CO2) and traceable to NIST absolute standards using GOLD standards.
- Wide Testing Range: Measures laser power from 0.1W to 200W, covering most CO2 laser tubes.
- Simple Operation: Just press a button to start measurement; readings appear on the LCD screen.
- Auto Power-Off Feature: Powers off automatically after 7 seconds to save energy.
Step-by-Step Guide to Using the HLP-200B Power Meter:
- Press the Start Button
- Turn on the CO2 laser thermal power detector by pressing the start button.
- Wait for the Display to Activate
- A dashed line appears on the LCD screen, indicating the device is ready for measurement.
- Position the Power Meter
- Align the power meter so that the laser beam is centered on the absorber.
- Ensure direct contact with the laser beam for accurate measurement.
- Read the Power Output
- The laser power reading will stabilize on the LCD screen.
- The measurement completes once the dashes stop flickering.
- Auto Power-Off
- The device will automatically turn off 7 seconds after removing it from the test area to conserve energy.
By following these steps, you can determine whether your CO2 laser tube is functioning optimally or if it’s time for a replacement.
Replacing Your CO2 Laser Tube
When replacement is necessary, follow these steps:
- Purchase a Compatible Tube: Make sure to buy a replacement tube that matches your machine’s specifications.
- Turn Off and Unplug the Machine: Safety first—disconnect power before handling the tube.
- Remove the Old Tube: Carefully detach the tube, taking note of its wiring and positioning.
- Install the New Tube: Secure the new tube in place and reconnect wiring.
- Perform Alignment and Calibration: Adjust mirror alignment and test the beam path.
- Test the Laser Output: Run sample tests to ensure proper operation.
Glass CO2 Laser Tube Recommendation
Cloudray Glass Laser Tubes
We recommend the Cloudray Glass Laser Tube for its high performance and durability. Before ordering, confirm the diameter and length of your CO2 tube to ensure compatibility with your machine. Ensure there is enough installation space, as all spaces should be slightly larger than the laser tube’s size.
Why Choose Cloudray Glass Laser Tubes?
- Powerful & High-Quality Beam: Coated with a nano gold catalyst, producing a TEM00 mode laser beam for high energy density and stable performance.
- Easy Installation: Pre-connected high-voltage and low-voltage ports, along with a high-voltage connector, simplifying the setup process.
- Reliable Support: If issues arise within 4 months (excluding man-made damage), Cloudray provides prompt replacements upon verification.
- Longer Lifespan: Utilizes unique glass-metal sealing technology for extended durability.
Cloudray Glass Laser Tube Specifications
Rated Power | 35W | 45W | 50W | 60W | 90W | 100W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Max Power | 45W | 55W | 70W | 80W | 100W | 130W |
Length | 720mm | 850mm | 1000mm | 1250mm | 1250mm | 1450mm |
Diameter | 50mm | 50mm | 50mm | 50mm | 80mm | 80mm |
How Do I Get My CO2 Laser Tube to Last Longer?
Before it is time to replace your CO2 laser tube, there are various things you need to do to make sure it lasts as long as possible.
Use Proper Cooling
Maintain an optimal water temperature (15-25°C) with a chiller or water pump to prevent overheating. Prevent mineral buildup in the cooling system by using clean, distilled water.
Use the Correct Power Rating
Different laser machines require different power ratings for optimal performance. If you are using a machine that is too powerful, it can damage the laser tube and reduce its lifespan significantly.
Ensure Proper Alignment
Misaligned mirrors can strain the laser tube, reducing efficiency and lifespan.
Do not Overdrive the Laser Tube
One of the biggest mistakes people make is overdriving the laser tube. This means running the machine at a higher power setting than is necessary for the job, which can cause permanent damage to your laser tube. Run the laser at 70-80% of its maximum power instead of full power to reduce wear.
Keep it Clean
Another important thing to do is to keep your machine clean and dust-free. This will help ensure that the laser tube operates without any issues. It is also important to regularly check for any signs of damage or wear and tear.
Note that you can also lose 9-13% of the laser power by having dirty lenses and mirrors. So you want to make sure you clean them regularly.
Maintain a Stable Environment
Avoid sudden temperature changes and humidity, which can affect performance. Reduce wear by powering down the machine when it’s not needed
Fit a Milliammeter
Fitting a milliammeter can help you monitor the current of your laser tube and ensure that it is not being overdriven. This is an important tool, especially if the laser machine you are using does not have a current-limiting feature.
Check the Manufacturing Date
When buying a CO2 laser tube, it is always important to check the manufacturing date. You don’t want to buy a tube that is too old and therefore has less life in it.
By following all these steps, you can make sure your CO2 laser tube lasts as long as possible before needing to be replaced.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know if my CO2 Laser Tube is bad?
You can tell if your CO2 laser tube is bad if you notice declining power output, inconsistent beam quality, burn marks on materials, unusual flickering or arcing, visible physical damage, or reduced cutting/engraving speed. Testing with a laser power meter can confirm if the tube is underperforming.
Can you refill a CO2 Laser Tube?
No, Glass CO2 laser tubes are sealed and cannot be refilled. Once the gas inside depletes, the tube must be replaced.
How many hours does a CO2 Laser Tube last?
A CO2 laser tube typically lasts 1,500 to 10,000 hours for glass tubes and 10,000 to 20,000 hours for metal RF tubes, depending on usage and maintenance.
CO2 Laser Tube Glossary of Terms
- CO2 Laser Tube: A sealed glass or metal tube filled with carbon dioxide gas that generates the laser beam.
- Power Output: The amount of laser energy emitted, measured in watts (W).
- Beam Quality: The sharpness and consistency of the laser beam.
- Arcing: Electrical discharge inside the tube, indicating potential failure.
- Cooling System: A system that prevents overheating, typically using water or air cooling.
- Mirror Alignment: The precise positioning of mirrors to direct the laser beam correctly.
- Absorber: The part of a power meter that captures and measures laser energy.
- Gas Depletion: The gradual loss of CO2 gas inside the tube, reducing power output.
- Engraving Depth: The depth at which the laser cuts or engraves material.
- NIST Calibration: A standard calibration method ensuring measurement accuracy.
Final Thoughts
Regular maintenance and monitoring of your CO2 laser tube’s performance can help you identify the right time for a replacement. By recognizing the signs of wear and testing the tube periodically, you can avoid unexpected downtime and maintain consistent engraving and cutting quality.
Investing in a high-quality replacement and ensuring proper installation will help maximize the efficiency and lifespan of your laser machine.